The Range is the New Single Number
In , a group of exhausted men working for the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India finally calculated the height of “Peak XV.” After years of lugging heavy theodolites across malaria-ridden jungles and freezing mountain passes, they didn’t just have a number; they had a mess of them.
Every measurement through a different density of air yielded a slightly different result.
Every measurement taken from a different location, at a different time of day, or through a different density of air yielded a slightly different result. To the mathematicians back in the office, this wasn’t a failure of accuracy; it was the nature of the world. But the world doesn’t want a “nature of the world.” It wants a height.
So, they averaged the observations. The math actually came out to exactly 29,000 feet. Legend has it that Andrew Waugh, the Surveyor General, decided this looked too much like a rounded guess. To ensure the public believed in the precision of the work, they added two feet to make it 29,002. They invented a “precise” lie to protect a messy truth. They turned a distribution of data points into a single, unyielding figure to satisfy the human need for certainty.
The Ghost in the Spreadsheet
This is exactly
